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Freud’s theory of metaphor: Beyond the Pleasure Principle, nineteenth-century science and figurative language
Suzanne Raitt
At the beginning of the final lecture in Freud's 1933 publication, New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-Analysis, Freud declared summarily and triumphantly that psychoanalysis was a science. 'As a specialist science, a branch of psychology ... it is quite unfit to construct a Weltanschauung of its own: it must accept the scientific one.'1 This was a view he continued to stress as his career drew to a close. In 1940, seven years after the lecture on the Weltanschauung, he noted that psychology was ca natural science like any other', asking defiantly: (What else can it be?'2
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"Introduction" & "The Sacred Life of Plants: Placing Royal Growth"
Brad Weiss
Weiss explores the dynamic relation of specific local, regional, and global understandings of value as manifested in the coffee of rural Haya communities. His investigation offers critical insight into the significance of colonial and postcolonial encounters in this region of Africa.
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Psychic waste: Freud, Fechner and the principle of constancy
Suzanne Raitt
Twentieth-century culture is obsessed with waste. We worry about whether or not to recycle it, how to dispose of it, whether it is safe, and what will happen to it when we have finally got rid of it. Detritus has its own taxonomy: “rubbish,” “garbage,” and “litter,” for example, construct it as an essentially random, cumulative phenomenon, a by-product of our daily domestic lives. To call something “waste,” on the other hand, is to invoke its history. Nuclear waste, bodily waste, and medical waste are all the result of specific processes: they gesture back to the productive economies that generated them. Even in these days of recycling, waste is almost always disposed of or repudiated, sometimes indifferently, sometimes contemptuously, and even, on occasion, violently.
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A festival of the law: Napoleon's Jewish assemblies
Ronald Schechter
This book reconsiders the transition from the French Revolution to Napoleon, a period often described in terms of social chaos, ineffectual government, and democratic disappointment.
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The View from Downstairs
Gul Ozyegin
Excerpt from the book chapter: "Early on a weekday morning in Ankara, people hurry to work as the usual urban scene repeats itself. A middle-class professional woman scurries about her fifth-floor apartment in one of Ankara’s elite neighborhoods. She is rushing to prepare her children for school and get herself and her husband ready for the workday ahead. She helps her husband find his blue-and-yellow striped tie while waiting for her crimson nail polish to dry so she can comb her daughter’s hair. At the same time, in the basement of the apartment building, another woman also prepares for the day ahead. With work-worn hands,..."
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Conceptualizing the French Revolution: Problems and Methods
Ronald Schechter
Excerpt from the book chapter: "In France, for roughly half a century, Marxist historians enjoyed a virtual monopoly over the academic historiography of the French Revolution. Beginning in 1928 the Sorbonne's prestigious chair in the History of the French Revolution was reserved for historians with a demonstrable commitment to socialism. The combination of a rigid hierarchy in French academia and a leftist orientation among French intellectuals more generally - -particularly during the quarter century after World War II, when the fabled anti-fascist record of communism provided it with moral authority - made it nearly impossible to challenge he reigning orthodoxy..."
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Coffee Breaks and Coffee Connections: The Lived Experience of a Commodity in Tanzanian and European Worlds
Brad Weiss
These volumes comprise the most extensive guide to past and current research on the topic of consumption ever created. Ranging from the classic discussions of a century and more ago to the latest evidence for the diversity of consumption as it is actually practiced, this set is an essential foundation for one of the most rapidly growing areas of contemporary academic study.
The contents are highly inter-disciplinary, with approaches ranging from anthropology and media studies, to geography and business studies. Each discipline provides its own theories, perspectives and methodologies for studying this topic. These volumes also make use of the rapid increase in studies of actual consumption across the globe, with examples from China, Japan, India and South America.
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Filling in the Gaps in Long-Term Care Insurance: Policy Implications for Care Workers
Jennifer M. Mellor
Care Work is a collection of original essays on the complexities of providing care. These essays emphasize how social policies intersect with gender, race, and class to alternately compel women to perform care work and to constrain their ability to do so. Leading international scholars from a range of disciplines provide a groundbreaking analysis of the work of caring in the context of the family, the market, and the welfare state.
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Introduction to "Mary Sinclair: A Modern Victorian"
Suzanne Raitt
May Sinclair (1863-1946) was a bestselling novelist who was one of the first British women to go out to the Belgian front in 1914. May Sinclair: A Modern Victorian draws on newly discovered manuscripts to tell the story of this woman whose emotional isolation bears witness to the great price Victorian women had to pay for their intellectual freedom.
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The Sound of Culture, The Structure of Tradition Musicians' Work in Arab Detroit
Anne K. Rasmussen
Metropolitan Detroit is home to one of the largest, most diverse Arab communities outside the Middle East, yet the complex world Arabic-speaking immigrants have created there is barely visible on the landscape of ethnic America. In this volume, Nabeel Abraham and Andrew Shryock bring together the work of twenty-five contributors to create a richly detailed portrait of Arab Detroit. The book goes behind the bulletproof glass in Iraqi Chaldean liquor stores. It explores the role of women in a Sunni mosque and the place of nationalist politics in a Coptic church. It follows the careers of wedding singers, Arabic calligraphers,restaurant owners, and pastry chefs. It examines the agendas of Shia Muslim activists and Washington-based lobbyists and looks at the intimate politics of marriage, family honor, and adolescent rebellion. Memoirs and poems by Lebanese, Chaldean, Yemeni, and Palestinian writers anchor the book in personal experience, while over fifty photographs provide a backdrop of vivid, often unexpected, images. In their efforts to represent an ethnic/immigrant community that is flourishing on the margins of pluralist discourse, the contributors to this book break new ground in the study of identity politics, transnationalism, and diaspora cultures.
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Incorporating Writing into the Mass Class: An Alternate Model for Quiz/Discussion Sessions
Deenesh Sohoni
One of the main disjunctions that exists in undergraduate education within the discipline of sociology is the increased stress we now place on the importance of writing, and the inadequacy of the training we provide our students to become better writers. The call for improved student writing ranges from professors surprised and dismayed with reading student essays, which they consider to be inadequate to the complexity of course material, to those who see the task of sociology as providing a general liberal education, with writing an important skill for the development of a well rounded member of society. Although greater and greater attention is being paid to the role of writing in a college education, little has been written specifically about the role of writing within the discipline of sociology, or how to incorporate the teaching of writing within the context of sociology classes. In this paper, I give an overview of the case to be made for incorporating writing in the sociology curriculum, as well as why and how it could be included in the "mass class"that typically is the first contact students will have with the field of sociology. I argue that not only is the addition of writing not incompatible with the mass class, but that it can serve as a powerful pedagogical tool in enhancing student learning within this environment. While few sociology instructors question the importance of training students to become good writ ers, what is less clear is how much of that role should be undertaken within the discipline of sociology. Some would argue that the responsibility of teaching sociology lies with sociology instructors, while that of teaching writing with English composition instructors. The argument here is not that sociology should try to take on the role of the English department, but that writing instruction within the field of sociology can meet needs that cannot be adequately addressed outside the discipline.
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Introduction: The Roman Army in Britain
Georgia L. Irby
Excerpt from book chapter: "The Roman solider in Britain occupied his time in many ways. He bought barbarians. He built walls to delineate the borders of empire. He spend his evenings in the bas of the vici which inevitably cropped up around permanent forts or at the baths, gambling, or exercising, or gossiping..."
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Beyond Speciesism
Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, Stuart G. Shanker, and Talbot J. Taylor
Current primate research has yielded stunning results that not only threaten our underlying assumptions about the cognitive and communicative abilities of nonhuman primates, but also bring into question what it means to be human. At the forefront of this research, Sue Savage-Rumbaugh recently has achieved a scientific breakthrough of impressive proportions. Her work with Kanzi, a laboratory-reared bonobo, has led to Kanzi's acquisition of linguistic and cognitive skills similar to those of a two and a half year-old human child. Apes, Language, and the Human Mind skillfully combines a fascinating narrative of the Kanzi research with incisive critical analysis of the research's broader linguistic, psychological, and anthropological implications. The first part of the book provides a detailed, personal account of Kanzi's infancy, youth, and upbringing, while the second part addresses the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological issues raised by the Kanzi research. The authors discuss the challenge to the foundations of modern cognitive science presented by the Kanzi research; the methods by which we represent and evaluate the abilities of both primates and humans; and the implications which ape language research has for the study of the evolution of human language. Sure to be controversial, this exciting new volume offers a radical revision of the sciences of language and mind, and will be important reading for all those working in the fields of primatology, anthropology, linguistics, philosophy of mind, and cognitive and developmental psychology.
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Domestic Interiors: Boyhood Nostalgia and Affective Labor in the Gilded Age
Richard S. Lowry
At the end of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ( 1875 ), Mark Twain appends a terse note: "So endeth this chronicle. It being strictly a history of a boy, it must stop here; the story could not go much further without becoming the history of a man." The ending is as abrupt as it could be: until its final chapters the text celebrates what Twain calls "the pure unalloyed pleasure" of boyhood, inviting adult readers to immerse themselves once again in the "pattern- restless, noisy. and troublesome" of childhood energy. By the end, however, as Tom's summer adventures draw to a close and he must once again face the socializing injunctions of home, school, and church; as Huckleberry Finn is adopted by the widow Douglas; the boyhood world of St. Petersburg grows increasingly constricted, haunted by the specter of an adult manhood that, as Twain acknowledges in his conclusion, threatens the novel's idyllicism.
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"Contagious Ectasy": May Sinclair's War Journals
Suzanne Raitt
The Great War stimulated a sudden growth in the novel industry, and the trauma of the war continued to reverberate through much of the fiction published in the years that followed its inglorious end. The essays in this volume, by a number of leading critics in the field, considers some of the best-known, and some of the least-known, women writers on whose work the war left its shadow. Ranging from Virginia Woolf, Katherine Mansfield, and H.D. to Vernon Lee, Frances Bellerby, and Mary Butts, the contributors challenge current thinking about women's responses to the First World War and explore the differences between women writers of the period, thus questioning the very categorization of "women's writing."
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Objects and Bodies: Some Phenomenological Implications of Knowledge and Practice in Mayotte
Brad Weiss
Grounded in collective interactions that are often quite contentious, knowledge is formulated in the world (objectified), and tangibly experienced (embodied) by the agents engaged in these interactions. As a means of acting on the world in order to transform it, knowledge is implicitly powerful. Yet, the consequences of that power are only realized through the context in which they are carried out. Thus, the ambiguous character of such knowledge must be evaluated by social agents in the course of their activities. By drawing attention to these dimensions of knowledge as power which enable social agents to act on, and so transform, themselves as they transform the world, this essay broadly considers the implications of the dialectics of objectification and embodiment so ably detailed by Lambek.
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William Sharp and the Victorian Pressures on Sexuality
Terry L. Meyers
By the time he died in 1905, the Scottish writer William Sharp had succeeded as critic, biographer, poet, and novelist. Writing secretly, he also achieved fame as Fiona Macleod, a poet singled out by Yeats for «her» role in the Celtic revival. Two important lost works bearing on Sharp's creation of Fiona Macleod are printed here for the first time - Ariadne in Naxos, a tragedy inspired in part by Swinburne's Atalanta in Calydon, and Beatrice, an idyllic poem. The author introduces both works in the context of Sharp's life, showing how they highlight the sexual uncertainties Sharp felt as he contemplated marriage and how they foreshadow the birth of Fiona Macleod during the 1890's, the period when Sharp himself suffers a sexual identity crisis. Meyers uses gay and gender studies to examine Sharp's place in the late Victorian crucible for modern constructions of sexual roles.
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Convergent and Alternative Designs for Vertebrate Suspension Feeding
S. Laurie Sanderson and Richard Wassersug
In this authoritative three-volume reference work, leading researchers bring together current work to provide a comprehensive analysis of the comparative morphology, development, evolution, and functional biology of the skull.
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